Pulsating electric generator



(No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

C. J. VAN DEPOELB. PULSATING ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

y /gdm.

Patented Mar, 4, 1890.

No Model.) e sheets-sheet 2.

0. J. VAN DEPOBLE. PULSATING ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

No. 422,855. Patented Mar. 4, 1890.

@XN lc Se n y 3 De/M to Z y, Vaflcpoele (No Model.) I e sheets-sheen 3.C. J. VAN DEPOELE.

PULSATING ELECTRIC GENERATOR. No. 422,855. Patented Mar. 4, 90.

MINIMUM WOWIXUW MHXIMUM WDW INIW SSN 14016 Il'o: null A A 6 Sheets-Sheetj4.-

l(No Model.)

0,.-J. VAN DBPOBLE.

PULSATING ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

Patented'Mar. 4, 1890.

wh/woes 'vwewoz Charles J Yanlkpqele (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

'0. J.-vAN DEPOBLB. Y PULSATING .ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

`III||||||| m A wit/Viacom n Sil-wcwloz Charles J'. Yam/,Ucpae/o I NoModel.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

C. J. VAN DEPOELE. PULSATING ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

No. 422.855. Patented Mar. 4,1890.

UNITED STATES vPATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES J. VAN DEPQELE, -OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.

Pu LsATl Ne ELECTRIC e EN ERA-ro R.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 422,855, datedMar'ch'll, 1890.

.Application nea naar 2s, i889. serai No. 304,544. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, CHARLES J. VAN DE- `PELE,a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Lynn, in the county of Essex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new an'd useful Improvements inPulsating Elec- -tric'Generators of which the following is adescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters and fig.- ures of reference marked thereon.

M-y invention relates to improvements in electric generators, moreespecially with reference to the production of currents having'a-defincd rise and fallHthat is to say, intermittent or pulsatingcurrents, for examplesuch as are referred to\in my applications, SerialNos. 285,294., filed September 13, 1888, and 296,9S'l, filed January 21,1389, and specially adapted \for operating reciprocating engines.

As set forth in my said prior-applications, 'my improvedelectro-magnetic reciprocating engines are operated synchronously with agenerator or source of dened currents, each current energizing a coil inthe engine for the purpose of imparting a stroke thereto.

Since the rapidity of alternation in what are known as alternatecurrents in electriedghting machines is altogether too great and beyondthe speed at which the piston of a direct-ac tingcnginc of any sizeisrequired elect-riev machine having an armature of anyk to be moved,and since it is impracticable to operate knownv forms ofalternatecurrent electric-lightgeneratorsat a speed low enough vtoaccomplish my purpose, I have provided means whereby I am enabled toconvert the current energy of an ordinary continuous-current armaturerotating at its mosteffcient speed into undulating' or pulsatingcurrentsv having any desired rapidity of succession.

My invention is embodied in a dynamodesired type and having acominutator for straightening the currents therein, stationarycommutator-brushes upon the normal line of commutation and in electricconnection with the exterior working-eircuit, and an addition altraveling commutator brush or Vbrushes in circuit with the returnterminal or terminals 'of they working-circuit and 'arranged to be movedaround Vvthe eounnutat-or with a degree of y rapidity corresponding tothe number -of current-waves required to be delivered to theworking-circuit, which may vary from several hundred perninute down tozero.

The inode of operation `and arrallgement of parts will be fullyhereinafter described, and referred to in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation, partly in diagram, showing agenerator embodying my invention and two working-circuits therefor,including two reciprocating electro-dynamic engines. Fig. 2 is a topplan View of a portion of the generator seen in Fig. 1, showing also themotor and connections for operating the rotating brushes at any desiredspeed. Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in diagram, showing a generatorand a working' circuit therefor embodying a slightly-difer# ent form ofthe invention, only one traveling brush being used. Fig. 4 is a planview of part of the generator seen in Fig. 3, with a working-circuittherefor shown in diagram.

Fig. 5 vis a diagrammatic view, partly in elevation, showing a generatorwith working-circuits therefor, and indicating the rise and fall ofpotential in the respective circuits. Fig. 6 is a detailview of one formof commutatorbrnsh-rotatin g mechanism,together with a workin g-cireuittherefor. Fig. 7 is a plan viewbf the mechanism seen in Fig. G. Fig.

S is a view showing a generator in elevation and a working-circuit indiagram. Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of an organization of apparatussupplied with pulsating currents according to. my said invention, anddiffering .f

from the system seen in Fig. 8 in that a rota-tingrniotor supplied withcontinuous current is used insteadof the generator to produce the riseand fall of potential in the several working-circuits. Fig. 10 is aview'showing a generator with l rotating brushes, the working-circuits,andfapparatus in diagram,l said generatorbeing arranged to supplypulsating currents of alternating pola'rity. Figs. 11,12, and -13 are.detail views showing the commutator` and brushes of the generator inFig. 1.0 in different positions. p

As indicated, A B are the polar extensions of the field-magnet system ofthe generator? seen in complete forni in`--Fig. 8, between theyextensions'of which an armature C of the Gram me or any other type isrotatively mounted. The coreD of the armature is wound of carbon. Thebrushes F F' are placed upon the line of commutation and occupythat partofthe commutator nearest the armature. Upon the armature-shaft C' isplaced a rotating sleeve f, insulated from the shaft and provided with apair of metallic arms GG', extending rearward to opposite points belowand above the commutator, and in 'the eX- tremities of the said arms asecond set of commutator-brushes g g" are secured.` The brush-holders GG are carefully insulated each from the other upon theirfcommon bear.-ing f', and adjacent to the axisof each is located a collectorring g2g3. Upon the collector-rings g2 gs are placed contact-brushes H H', fromwhich extend working-conductors h h', as will appear. The sleeve f,together with the brush-holders and collector-rings attached thereto,ismechanically rotated, thereby causing the commutator-brushes g g' totravel around the eommutator and to collectV currents therefrom of aduration depending upon the speed with which the said moving brushes'are moved. The sleeve f may be ro` tated in any convenient manner, thespecific means being immaterial; but in Fig. 2 it is shown as providedwith a vworrnavheell, which is engaged by a worm upon a drivtliearmature-'shaft of an electric motor J, and by which the shaft I',worin-wheel e', sleeve f, and commutator-brushes g g' may be rotated atany desired speed, suitable means being provided for regulating themfotor. ln many instances it is, however, preferable to rotate themoving brushes by con-v nections ext-ending Vand receiving power fromthe armatureshaft. Suchan arrangement is shown in Figs. 6 and 7, Where,as indicated, the armaturelshaft C' yis provided :with a driving-pinionvC2, meshing-with a toothed gear G3 upon a countershaft C4, mounted insuitable bearings in brackets C5 or ,other support attached' to theframe of the machine. The moving brush g I-is carried by holder G',which is secured to a gear C, sleevedlupon the armature-shaft'. The gearC6 isgin mesh with a" pinion Cl-uponthe counter-shaft G4, which, `beingrotated by. geanC and armature-pinion C2'con1inuni cates'rotary motion`to they brushfcarrying wheel C6, to move ,p the brush g around thecommutator E at a fixed rate relative tothe armatnre'speed,"which maybearranged as, desiredp-bysuitably proportioning the gears.r`

brushes,` desirably ing-shaft I', which may be an 'extension'ot "by wayof illustration.

Another .form of brush-rotating gear is shown in Fig. 8, in which arelatively small pulley D' shaft C'. The counter-shaft Dcarries also aSmaller pulley D4, which is belted to a brush-carrying pulley D5,sleeved upon the armature-shaft C', the arrangement being is mounted.upon` the armature- 7,0i

substantially the, same as shown in Figs.,6

and 7, except that the connections are of a flexible instead of a rigidtype. Vith either of these arrangements the relative speed of thearmature and of the moving brush or brushes can be determined, and willV there- 8o aftervary'with the speed of the armature.

The working'circuits in Fig. l are from main brush F of generator'byconductor j, extending therefrom tothe motorscoil K of a reciprocatingengine,- and returning by conductor' 85 h, connected to moving brush H.vThesecond working-circuit from ,the said generator is from brush F' byconductor y' to `motor-coil p L of a second reciprocating engine,returning through conductor h' to proving brush H .c The reciprocatingengines here shown may be of a type seen `in my said Apriorapplication-that is to say, having a. singlemotorcoil for moving thepiston in one direction, the reverse movement being effected -by asnitablespring lo' Z', as indicated, orvice versa. Within the said coilsK L are arranged non-magnetic casings M and magnetic pistonsN,

adapted to be reciprocated within. the casings M under the influence ofthe motor-coils and 'a compression or other spring 7c' Z'f Ashere-indicated, the motor-coils con'- stitut'e two- Working-circuits forthe generator; butthe said circuits `might be extended and include apluralityot reciprocating engines or other motors, according to thecapacity ofv the generator, two only being shown Assuming that the.

IOO

armature C fs capable of furnishing currenty of the desiredconstantpotential, the intensity,

lnections, arranged las shown in Fig. l, ifV the potential between F Fjis one *hundred volts, the voltage between F and H andF.' `A H'fwilldepend upon'the .relative positions ofthe IIO of which may vary with thecircuits-and con- A moving brushes g g' with regard to the main 'ibrushes F F', and currents will rise and fllsimultaneously therespective circuits and motor-coils K L, the' maximum currents beinggiven Vwhen the largest number of,-V sections are between It-he brushesF g F' g,tlie A'said currents rising and falling inthe twosolemoids K Lwith/ the rotation Y of thelmoving brushes.

The'foregoing refers' to two separate Workf 1 ing-circuits, eachsupplied by one-half-of the' armature, the currents risingand fallingin.

said circuits at the.same.tinie,'and` L haveshown' a single-coil venginein each `'cir-tznit;v 1

bu'tby dividing the circuits, as.shown.bili-ig.A

`5,- doubl-coil engines can be' used. In said Fig. `5 the conductor j,extending frommain brush F, is "'bifurcated, `one part qleading to onemotor-coil Q and the other '1: -to "niocoil Q and by conductor o" tomotor-coil It',

returning from said coils to the moving brushes Aby conductors q2 r2,connected, re-

spectively, to brushes Il and Il'. positions shown the currents aremaximum in coils Q' and R and minimum in coils Q andl R', the succeedinghalf -rotation of the brushes II Il' reversing the conditions. Thecurrent energy of the armaturel can, however, as readily be directedalternately in the separatecircuits whether the same be supplycircuitsincluding a number of motor-coils suitably connected, orwhether the twocircuits comprise the inotor-coils of a single reciprocating engine.Such an arrangement is indicated in Figs. 3 and 4, where, as will beseen, the co'minutator is provided with stationary brushes, asdescribed; but in connection therewith I employ a single rotatingcollector-brush with connections. Upon the sleeve f is mounted an armG', provided with commutator-brushy', upon the collectorring g3 of whichbeais a collector-brush I-I.

The inotor-coils K' L' are, as indicated,

o ing-circuits.

placed over a non-magnetic casing M, within ywhich a magnetic piston N(indicated in dotted liiies)i`s free to be reciprocated, and which isprovided with a pick m or other suitable tool. Stationary brush F isconnected to the terminal of coil L by eoiiductoi h, the other'stationary brush F being-similarly connected to the exterior ,terminalofthe coil K" by conductor 7z,'..- IVhere, however, the currents are tobe alternately directed to different circuits, the collector-brush II isconnected, as by conductor h2, with the inner .terminals of both thecoils K' L', or other worklVith this arrangement, as the sleeve f isrotated and the traveling collectorb rusli g carried around thecoininutator E, it will alternately close the circuit upon first one and,then the other of the stationary commutator-brushes, the brush II andconductor h2 constituting the return-circuit for the coils K' Lalternately. It will thus be apparent that intermittent currents of anydesired rapidity can be taken iii succession from the commutator of anarmature of any type runnin g'at its most etiicient speed, whatever thatmight be; also, that the said currents can be supplied direct to anumber of motors suitably connected therewith, or to a plurality ofsupply-circuits between which the motors aic connected; and,furthermore, the said eurrents,.rising and falling in intensity, can betaken olf by rotating commutator brushes without tliedestructivesparking accompanying the sudden rupture of a fully-chargedcircuit,

In man v instances where it is desired to convey the current over longdistances to the point of consumption it is desirable to use current ofrelatively high potential; and to The con-l \Vith the 'supply-circuitefcoil L'.

provide the translating devices with tensionreducing devices orconverters. Since the rate of production of intermittent or definedcurrents according to my invention is not in any way dependent upon thepotential of the main supply-current, I may use a machiney producingcurrent of any desired voltage, the current being sent to line throughthe phasing devices described, and transformed into currents of lowerpotential at or'near the point or points of consumption and without theuse of any circuit shifting, changing, or breaking devices. Sucharrangements are indicated in Figs. 4 and 8.

The apparatus seen in Fig. l comprises a form of reciprocating engineshown iii my said prior application, and including a single coil forproducing the power-sti'oke and a spring for retracting the piston.

In Fig. 3 a forni of engine is shown comprising two ii'iotor-coils--oneproducing the forward and the other the backward strokes. A desirablemeans for regulating the flow pt current in the respective coils isindicated 1n Fig. 3 in the form of an adjustable resistance h3, includedin the supply-ciicuit of coil K',

a similar resistance h4 being included in the By adjusting theresistances h3 h4, I canvary the effective power of said coils so as toproduce a greater force on ,the forward or, power stroke and weakeningthe effect of the coil K', bywhich the piston is retracted, therebypreventing or diminishing the wear andl tear on the machine duc to theshock of the return-stroke.

Another means for accomplishing the same result, but which I prefer,since no artificial resistances are used, and consequently no currentlost thereby, is indicated in Fig. 0. Assuming' the forward strokeshould have twicev the power of the 4return stroke, I

'wind or connect the motor-coils in three sections or divisions, each ofsubstantially the same resistance. The two front coils are connected inmultiplearc with their supply-conductors and the back coil singly. Theresistance of the two tront'coils, taken together, will only be one-halfthat of the back coil, and consequently twiceas much current will flowin the front coils as inthe back one, thereby giving the preponderanceof power to the forward movement of the piston. This arrangement isindicated in Fig. 4, in which is seen a tliree-wire circuit similar tothose seen in Fig. 3, but also including tension-re-I ducing devices inconnection with reciprocating engines, as well as other forms ofapparatus, as will appear. .The outer terminals of coils K2 L2, actingas primaries, are in circuit with ,tlie conductors h h' and thestationary commutator-brushes, and their inner terminals are bothconnected to the returneonductor h2, leading to the moving brush g'.Secondary coils k2 Z2 are arranged in induct- IIO ive relation to thecoils KL?, said secondary v coils being connected `by conductors O O' Oiwith the coils K', K3, and L3 of a reciprocating engine. Secondarycurrents generated in the coils k2 Z2 bythe intermittent currentsflowing in the main circuit and primary coils K2 L2 will be led to themotor-coils K K3 L3, substantially in the same manner as if saidmotor-coils were supplied direct from the generator and phasing deviceseen in Fig. 3. The front coils K K8 are connected in multiple arcbetween conductors O O2 and the back coil L between conductors O O2. Thesame results will be produced by using two coils, the sectional area ofone being greater than that of the other. vWith a current of constantpotential, current will llow into the working-circuits in proportion tothe respective resistance thereof, and therefore, when it is desiredthat the front coil shall develop, for instance, twice the power of theback coil, by making the conductors of the front coil of twice thesectional area of those of the back coil the desired results will beproduced. Such an arrangement is indicated in Fig. 6, where itl will beseen that the conductors comprising they motor-coil L are larger in sizethan those of the coil K', the current dividing between the said coilsin proportion to their respective resistances.

. The intermittent continuous currents produced according to myinvention may be formed or created by means differing from those alreadydescribed, and the invention is not limited to the means alreadyreferred to.`

Another method of accomplishing the described results would be to supplycontinuous current to a rotating commutator through stationary brushesand collect and distribute currents of rising and falling potential frommoving brushes arranged substantially as in Fig. 2. r Such anorganization is' seen in Fig. 9, in which T 'is an electric motor havinga continuously-connected armature C? of the Gramme or other type and asectional com-l mutator E, upon which bear stationary brushes F F', andwhich is further provided with a movingbrush g, rotated about the saidcommutator E by any suitable means, as previously described. The motor Tis supplied With continuous current from conductors 6 7, extending fromany suitable source of continuous currents and connected to the saidmotor by conductors 8 9, attached to binding-posts P3 N3. Thefield-magnets of the motor are connected in any suitable manner withrespect to the armature, which is supplied with current through thestationary brushes F F', which are connected to the binding-posts P3N3,and the armature of said motor should be arranged to rotate at asubstantially constant speed. Several pieces of apparatus actuated by myimproved electromagnetic reciprocating engines are shown in 'connectionwith the pulsator T. At T2is indicated a hammer, which may be actuatedby a double-coil motor, such as shown in Fig. 3, the circuitfconnectionsh h h2 being led to separate binding-posts connected with coils upon theinterior of the casing, (seen in the drawings. substantially asindicated in said Fig. 3.

T3 indicates a reciprocating engine similar to that in Fig. 2, but shownas applied to a somewhat dierent form of work. Asindi cated, the engine'l3 is supported by a bracket t', extending from an upright t2,which isalso provided with a second bracket t3, carrying an anvil or die t4,upon which, as shown, are placed two pieces of metal t5 t6 to be unitedby rivets t7, which when placed upon the anvil t* are set up by blows ofa suitable hammer t8, attached to the extremity of the pisl ton-rod m. v

T* indicates a form ot apparatus shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1-thatis to say, the engine T4 is provided with a single actuating coil, thereturn-stroke being etected by a i spring k. The piston-rod m of theengine T4 may be connected, as shown, to an arm T9, pivoted at one endto an upright fu. and carrying at its free extremity a hammer or othertool u', adapted when oscillated by reciprocations of the piston-rod mto act upon work u2 upon a suitable anvil a3. No work is connected tothe armature-shaft of the motor T unless it be desired to apply a, brakethereto for purposes of regulating the speed, and the said armaturebeing rotated by the continuous currents from` the line will serve' todistribute pulsating currents in a manner similar to the machine shownin Fig. l 2, with this difference', however, that the current sent tothe various working-circuits is received from the continuous-currentsupplyconductors 6 and 7. The supply-conductor is connected to thebinding-post?3 of the motor, to which are connected the stationary brushF and the outgoing circuits hj of the various engines, which saidcircuits correspond to the circuits similarly indicated and previouslydescribed. The opposing circuits h are all similarly connected tobinding-post y N3, which is connected to the line-conductor 7 and to thestationary brush F. The moving brushl g is electrically connected with abinding post or posts u", to which the returncircuit of the variousengines are connected by conductors h2. With this or equivalentconstruction it will be understood that as the brush g travels aroundthe current from the supply-conductors 6 and 7 will ilow through theseveral circuits as the rotating brush ap` proaches and recedes from thestationaryi brushes F F, thus producing rising and falll ing currents inthe said circuits. This arrangement Will be very convenient in manyinstances-as, for example, Where a source of continuous current isavailable and the circumstances do not require or justify theinstallation of a separate generator arranged as herein set forth. A

In Fig. 8 is seen a completely-organized circuit including a generatorhaving fieldmagnets A B and armature C, the commutator andbrush-rotating mechanism having been previously described. Thelgenerator may be of any desired continuous-current type. Thefield-magnets of the generator may be energized from a separate exciteror by a shunt-circuit, (indicated by conductors 3, 4, and 5.) As shown,the working-circuit of said generator is on the three-wire distributlonpr1nciple, previously referred to in connection with Fig. 3, conductorsh hrepresenting the stationary or main commutatorbrushcs and theconductor h2, and moving brush by which potential is caused to Vriseand'fall in thc saidcircuit. The various. species of reciprocatingelectro-magnetic engines hereinbefore referred to may be operated in onecircuit, as ind-icated in said Fig.' 8. At S is seen a two-coilreciprocating engine operated by secondary current-s from converters SS2, the circuits and mode of operation of said converters being similar'to the apparatus seen in Fig. 4. The reciprocating engine, however,differs from that seen in Fig. 4 in having two instead of' three coils,although it will be apparent that one of the coils may be subdivided andconnected as described. The engine shown at Tis similar to that seen inFig. 3 and already described. The single-coil engine seen 4at U issimilar to those illustrated in connection with Fig. 1. The apparatusshownvinfeircuit with the generator in Fig. 8 may bepro= vided with anyof the regulating devices hereinbcfore referred to, and, being allconnected in multiple arc, they can be operated without interferenceechwith' the other and will take current according to theirseveralresistances or theresistances--oftheir'several portions.

Although of rising and falling potential, thccurrents flowing in thecircuits hh h2 are always of the same polarity, and therefore it will beunderstood that I may operate any kind of continuous-current translatingdevices thereby. The invention is not, however, limited to theproduction of rising and falling currents of constant polarity, since bysimply connecting the working-circuit to the' rotating brushes g g',without including the stationary brushes, the currents sent to line willbe of the same character as those hereinbefore referred to, but ofalternatingxpol larity. Such an arrangement is indicated in Fig. 10, inwhich the generator does not dilier materially from that shown anddescribed with reference'to Fig. 8, except in having two rotatingbrushes, as shownv in Fig. 1. The working-circuit connections are,however, differently disposed, the main supply-conductf `ors 10 1.1being connected to moving 'brushes Q 0C V indicates a single-coilreciprocating en gine similar to those shown (K and L) in connectionwith Fig. 1, the -n1otor-coil K being connected to the working-circuit10 11 by conductors 12 The engine Vis provided with a piston N ofmagnetic material, as iron, and is "provided with a piston-rod m.,which- L. maycarryahammeru at its extremity. When a current-wave of onepolarity flows through the coil K, the piston N will be attracted andraised thereby. 0n the fall of this phase `and before the succeedingphase has acqu'ired any strength the piston will be released., TheVsucceeding phase, which will be of opposite polarity, will in turnattract and raise the plunger or pist'on, which, as before, wiHAfall andperform work during the interval be of the hammer u' can of course beincreased j by 'the addition of .a spring, but, as indicated,

the blow is c ected by the weight of the pis'- ton N. A `V indicates adouble-acting electro-magnetic engine operated by alternating currents.The engine V is provided with two motor-coils c r', connected inmultiple arc by conductors 14 15, extending to the line-con'- ductors 1011, and the'flow of currents therethrough of alternatinglpolarit'yl willproduce, for example, positive poles at each end of` saidcoils and anegative pole in the center,I

the succeedin g phase reversing the polarities,

as indicated by the signs in full and dottedv lines.v The eligiiie V isprovided with apo,-

larizedor permanently-magnetized' steel piston N', and sincethe'magnet-ism of thepiston does not change the lshifting of polarity in.the coils o c' under the influence of the cur- .rents of alternating'polarityflowing there-.w

se'k

threughfthe-said-pistonwill be reciprocatedxin synchronism therewith. y

In Fig.` 11 the moving brushes g..g vare at zero, vbeing in positionsequidistant from the stationary brushes F F', in which positions,

the circuits being balanced, no currents will flow, except, of course,through the circuits ofthe generator proper, the iieldfmagnets be'-v l irio with the stationary brushes F F.. Asthe ing shown as connected byconductors 16 17 brush -g 'approaches the' brush` F and the ,brushcgvthe brush F, a constantly-increasing vcurrent will ilow through saidbrushes, the 1 I 5 maximum currents `passing when said rotating brushesare nearest tofthe stationary brushes toward which they are moving, thesaid currents diminishing as Vthe moving brushesl travel away from thestationary brushes until the zero-point is reached and theA brushes gare upon theopposite sides of the colnmutator in thepositions thereverse f of those indicated in Fig. 11. lIn Fig.'12 the brushes areseen as having moved from' the 1,

zero-point toward the stationarybrushes, when currents, as indicated bythe signs, flowthrough the .main conductors. @In Fig. 13 the relativepositions are the same as those seen in Fig. 12,- theletteringfindic'ating that the brushes g g have passed the zero-pointand are now approaching the opposite set of stationary brushes fromthose indicated in Fig. y12, u-nder which conditions currents'of' oppofsite sign are flowing in the main, conductors,

medicated., 'wlan-this sinngemss merel' for'ejther'e will bestworeversals o f the cur rent` 1urngeachcomplete rotation of the 'which thecollecting-brushes are moved.

Various changesand moditications'may be -made inthe structure andvarrangement of the rc.

hereinbefore-described lapparat-us without departing from the invention,and I therefore do net limit myself to the precise details (le-I.

Y brushes,

scribed and'shown by Wayv of illustration.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent,

S-fv

l. The combination, with a sectional commutato'r and a source'ofelectric currents, of a set or sets of brushes constantly movedabout'said commutator toward and away from the points otfmaiximum andl zeroelectro-motive force, and suitable working-.circuits supplied vfrom saldbrushes and in Whichthe potential is caused 'tof'coustantly rise andfall by the' `action ofthemoving brushes.-

12. The combination, with a sectional coni'- mutator and a source ofelectric'currentsbf a Set' or setsof `stationary brushes upon -thecommutatona' setor setsof brushes constantly moved about said commutatorto and Afrom the'. stationary brushes, and suitable working-circuitssupplied from said commutatnrbrushes, and in which thej` potential iscaused v I`to constantly rise and fall by the action of themoviug'brushes, substantially as described.'y 3.' Thecombination .of anv electric machine ot-'the continuous-current type having col!l lectingand distributing commutator-.brushes uponthe commutator thereof,working-cir-V euitsflconneicted to said brushes, and, means forconstantly Vmoving. one ofthe sets of brushes toward and awayfrom theother,

thereby varying the potential between the said collectingl anddistributing brushes and Achanging the continuous into a pulsating orintermittent current inthe `working-circuits. 4. A11 electric generatorhavin'gla sectional armature and commutator, and a set of sta tionarybrushes therefor, and an additionalv brush or brushes constantlymovingnpon said commutator to raiseand lower the potentiali intheworking-circuits of the machine, sub.

stantially asdescribed.

v5.,'An-el'ectrie generator having a sectional armature and a sectionalcommutator, a set orsets of stationary .brushes upon ,said commutator,and a set or sets of brushes vcapable of constantly being' moved uponthe sectional cor`nmutator toward and away from the', points of maximumand zero electro-motive force,

substantially as described.

one or more sets of stationary brushes upon the commutator thereof, oneor more brushes constantly moving about thev commutator to and from thestationary brushes,`and connections between the Working circuit orcircuits and the stationary and moving brushes, sub.- stantially asdescribed.' Y Vj 7. -An electricgenerator o'f thecontinuonscurrent type,having an'armature and commutator, two or more main brush es upon thecommutator, and one or more, y constantly revolving upon'thecom'mutator, in order to produce constantly-recurrin g changes ofpotential between the main and revolving and connections-from main andre- Volving brushes to working-circuits, substantially as described; y y8.An. electric generator having an armature and commutator therefor, twomain stationarybrushes, one or more brushes' capable of constantlymovingaround the commutator,

and working-circuits and translating devices between said brushes andactuated by the recurring rise and fall of current in saidworking-circuits, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with a generator or armature ofthecontinuous-current type, of working-circuits therefor, and'connectionsbetween one side of 'each circuit and the com- Lmutatorbrushes, and anadditional commuftator brush or. brushes connected to the other lsidesof said workingcircuit, and means for constantly V,moving the auxiliarybrush or -brnshesuponjthe -comnrutator to produce a rising and falling'of potential in the workings circuit, substantially as described'.

working-circuits therefor and connections between one s ideot eachcircuit and-the main commutator-brushes, and an additional conimutatorbrush or brushes connected to the other sides of said Working-circuit,and means for constantly rotating the auxiliary brush or brushescontinuously around the commutator 'to raise and lower the potentialsuccessively inthe several circuits, substantially as described.

.11. A pulsating-current generator having Aan armature withsectional-winding and a sectional commutator therefor, one or more setsof stationary brushes upon the revolving commutator and one or moreconstantly-mow ingbrushes upon said commutator, in order to .vary-thepotential between the stationary and the moving brushes and propercircuits from' said brushes tothe working circuit or circuits,substantially as described.

l2. A system of producing electric currents of succeeding rising andfalling Waves, consisting of an electric-machine capableof pro ducing apotential between itsA ystationary brushes or collectors, anda'traveling con 6. A system of generating and distributing`V currents ofrising and falling potential, con.

sisting of a dynamo-electric generator having stantly-moving brush orbrushes adapted to be moved betweenthe main brushes of the machine uponthe sectional .commutators of the same, so as to produce a difference inpo tent-ial between the stationary and the mov brushes capable of4 A roo10. The combination, with a generator or varmature ot thecontinuous-'current type, of

ing brushes, and proper connections between the stationary and movingbrushes and the working-circuit, substantially as described.

13. The combination, with a sectional coinmutator and source ofcontinuous current-s, of a set or sets of stationary brushes upon thecoinmutator, a set oi sets of brushes moved about said coniinutator toand from the stationary brushes to produce pulsating or rising andfalling currents in suitable working-eireuits, an electro-magneticreciprocating en eine having a motor eeil or coils connected to saidworking-circuits, and a magnetic piston moving within the coil or coilsin synchronisin with the rise and fall of energy therein.

ll. The combination, with a source of pulsating or rising and iallingcurrents, of a reciprocating electro-magnetic engine .having at oppositeends thereof motor-coils of different capacities energized inalternation, and two circuits extending between the source ot currentand said motor-coils.

15. The combination, with aseetional coniniiitator and a source ofcontinuous currents, of a set or sets of stationary brushes upon theeominutator, a set'or sets of brushes moved about said coininu'tator toand from the stationary brushes, two working-circuits connected to saidcominutator-brushes and including the motor-coils of @electromagneticreciprocating engine, said coils being of different conduetive capacity,and in which the potential is caused to rise and fall by the action ofthe rnoijingmbrushes, substantially as described.

16. The combination, with a rotating sectional cominutator and a sourceof continuous currents, of a set or vsets of brushes ai ranged to beconstantly moved about the eoinmutator, and drivin g-gea'r connected toa trollable motor, and connections between the J motor and the movingbrushes for .moving `said brushes about said eomniutator with acontrollable speed.

18. The combination, with a sectional coininntator and a source ot'electric currents, of a set or sets of brushes arranged to be constantiy moved about the coinniutator, an independent controllable inotor, andconnections between the moving part of said motor and the moving brushesfor continuously moving said brushes about said eoininntator with acontrollable speed, and thereby varying the potential of currentstransmitted therethrough to suitable working-conductors.

19. The combination, with a source of pulsating or rising and fallingcurrents of relatively high potential, of an electro-magneticreciprocating engine having a motor coil er coils, and a magnetic pistonmoved within the coil or coils in synehronisni with the rise and fallot' energy therein,and tension-rc# ducing devices in circuit with thesaid motorcoils and the supplycireuit.

In testimony whereof I hereto aliix mysignature in presence ot twowitnesses.

CHARLES J. VAN DEWlELE.

Witnesses:

J. W. GIBBONEY, GUsTAvE IIELLnuUCK.

